How can I extend a partition capacity?

First, bitmap screenshots are inconvenient; one can copy-paste text from terminal (and preferably use the code tags – The </> button above).

You seem to have legacy boot mode installation (UEFI mode is current hype) and the default LVM2-based volumes.

You can see/show more with commands, like lsblk, pvs, vgs, lvs, and

lsblk -o name,type,fstype,size,fsavail,mountpoints

An example from latter:

$ lsblk -o name,type,fstype,size,fsavail,mountpoints
NAME                   TYPE FSTYPE        SIZE FSAVAIL MOUNTPOINTS
sda                    disk             465.8G         
├─sda1                 part ext4            1G         
├─sda2                 part LVM2_member   138G         
│ ├─centos_x-swap      lvm  swap            4G         
│ ├─centos_x-opt       lvm  ext4           10G         
│ ├─centos_x-home      lvm  ext4          100G   93.2G /local
│ └─centos_x-root      lvm  ext4           24G         
├─sda3                 part ext4            1G  596.6M /boot
├─sda4                 part                 1K         
└─sda5                 part LVM2_member    34G         
  ├─almalinux_x-root   lvm  ext4           24G   13.7G /
  └─almalinux_x-opt    lvm  ext4           10G      8G /opt

Yes, there are commands, but the appropriate ones depend on the details; what you have.

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